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Showing posts with label conflict resolution. Show all posts
Showing posts with label conflict resolution. Show all posts

Friday, 19 August 2022

Daily Diary (DD) - Day 231 of 2022

1041hrs:

Day 75 at Maqbool Bhat Shaheed Square - Dadyaal.

0738hrs

My punctuality deficit has decreased to 280 minutes.

....

Make no mistake, despite everything the path ahead is clear:

.... 

Wednesday, 15 June 2022

Daily Diary (DD) - Day 166 of 2022

0708hrs:

Day 10 at Maqbool Bhat Shaheed Square - Dadyaal.

0805hrs

We've initiated communication with the local administration today and suggested that they provide an appropriately modern and functional waste disposal bin. Here's the application:


....

It is without a doubt that the governance system around us - AJK son of Pakistan son of Imperial Britain - is rapidly disintegrating. The electricity we are receiving in the highest revenue generating tehsil (subdivision) of AJK (namely Dadyaal) is dwindling by the day. It is now easily less than 12 hours a day and the voltage is also rapidly deteriorating. There is no longer sufficient current to run a fridge and the ceiling fan also turns at a speed barely enough to generate a superficial breeze.

Not a day passes when we see multiple examples of our forests being burned out. All other aspects of governance have a similar gory tale to tell.

....

It was somewhat refreshing to read the following document:


Here's the comment that I made after reading it:

Thank you Jonathan. I found that quite insightful in some respects. I would just say among other important criteria for successful mediation in conflict resolution; the two that are most important in my opinion (and experience of over 17 years of uninterrupted on the ground action-oriented research in Jammu Kashmir & Allied areas) are genuine & representative inclusion of the affectees of conflict in any process and for that process to not be bound in time, it should be for the long haul, until resolution.

Meanwhile, I hope you are keeping well? We met quite a long time ago, one evening at a coffee shop in Islamabad, Pakistan.

End of comment....

The document above can be accessed on LinkedIn here.

....

Today I'll provide you a real-time insight into our electricity woes in AJK and specifically in Dadyaal, as I sit literally sweating on my keyboard:

1500hrs: Electricity arrived

1532hrs: Electricity departed

1646hrs: Electricity arrived (albeit at a very low voltage, not enough to make the ceiling fan spin at any reasonable speed!)

1718hrs: The voltage perked up to its regular voltage!

1753hrs: Electricity departed once again

1922hrs: Arrived

2034hrs: Gone

2044hrs: Returns

2111hrs: Gone....and its raining

2132hrs: Returns as rain recedes

2144hrs: Gone again

2153hrs: Back again

2202hrs: Gone yet again

2300hrs: The electricity returns once again and remained until midnight.

Total:

- Thus, in 9 hours of monitoring between 1500hrs and midnight we received 279 minutes of 540 possible. 

- That is, 4 hours 39 minutes received (of which 32 minutes were of low voltage) out of 9 hours. 

- Barely half, which would average out to be around 12 hours out of 24.   

Percentage of electricity received: 51.7% of which 11.5% was low voltage. 

....

Earlier in the evening in Dadyaal, there appeared to be the first real protest against the power shortages meted out to this territory, despite producing more than ten times its need. There was a protest a couple of weeks ago but that was mild and brief. This was fiery, reports tell me.

....

Yes, the following is as absurd as it is true in the 'water kingdom' of Asia:


....

Meanwhile, I fired the following shot on Facebook, which I can't embed here - except as an image - but anyone can reach the link here. 



....

Saturday, 15 January 2022

Daily Diary (DD) - Day 15 of 2022

2019hrs:

Fighting for one's fundamental rights in a peaceful, ethical, democratic and legal manner - snatched away from the inhabitants by a range of countries that preconditioned their entry and subsequent occupation/interference here by quoting the people's reference - at times feels or we are made to feel as if we are conspiring to destabilise the whole world.

Alas, all we are doing is trying to resolve unnecessary conflict over our territory.

.......  

Wednesday, 1 January 2020

Daily Diary (DD) - Day 1 of 2020

1334hrs:

Its a different day and a different year too, as is the case once a year. Our routine has also changed for the better......let's hope it continues....

.....

It is obvious that the State of Pakistan has a lot on its plate. Much more than it can chew and we hope the international community is cognizant of that:



.......

Monday, 30 September 2019

Daily Diary (DD) - Day 273 of 2019

1811hrs:

There can be no more tolerance for not tallying wonderful gestures with action on the ground in AJK and GB any longer:



......

Earlier, I spent most of the working day at the High Court of AJK to listen to the arguments in reference to the right to life, right of water and right of electricity and the competing claims of the people of Muzaffarabad and WAPDA (Water & Power Development Authority - in Pakistan). Both can be considered euphemisms for the State of AJK and the State of Pakistan respectively.

The arguments couldn't be completed in today's session and the court has been adjourned till tomorrow morning. Here's the traditional photo-shoot conducted after each hearing at the High Court:



.......   

This was followed by a visit to JKLF's awareness camp at Upper Adda as they prepare for perhaps the biggest event in their history on the 4th of October:


From Left to Right: Khwaja Saif Udeen, Saajid Siddiqui, Yours Truly and Bashir Lone

My eyes are not deceiving me or you. This is Ghanta Ghar at Laal Chowk in Srinagar being replicated here at Upper Adda, Muzaffarabad:


The JKLF flag hovers above
.......

Meanwhile, in Mirpur we appear to be well on the road towards OBMs (Ownership-Building-Measures) it seems....Encouraging if so:



Reference

.......

Monday, 23 September 2019

Daily Diary (DD) - Day 266 of 2019

1240hrs:

"The time has therefore come for Pakistan’s bonzes – immersed as they are in their own troubles, and incapable as they are of looking beyond their noses – to display boldness and declare that Pakistan’s basic position is tied to the UN resolutions but that if the Kashmiris so desire, and they want to be on their own, then so be it. Pakistan will respect their wishes, even if it means Azad Kashmir becoming part of an independent Kashmir."

This time was over 3 years ago!

This is perhaps the most practical article I ever remember reading by a Pakistani on Kashmir:



........

Remaining on the theme of Pakistanis who display genuine empathy for the sovereign aspirations of Jammu & Kashmir,  here is the first of a two part Urdu video whereby Dr Arif Mahmud Kisana makes some unusual arguments for a Pakistani:



For example, he reminds us that Iqbal in his Allahabad Address in 1930, while outlining a vision of an independent state for Muslim-majority provinces in northwestern India never mentioned Kashmir. 

There was no such mention in the Lahore Resolution (which some describe as the Pakistan Resolution) either, 10 years later (1940). 

Pakistan had recognised the independence of Hyderabad, which had remained independent for 13 months until September 1948 when the Indian State took over, after many months of internal as well as external intrigue. Hence, M A Jinnah's interpretation of the Indian Independence Act was practically followed through viz. that the Princely States could remain independent or accede to any one of the 2 dominions.

I was particularly surprised at Dr Arif's elaboration on the Standstill Agreement which many Pakistanis wish to obliterate from memory, except to mention in passing where convenient.

He rightly mentions that Pakistan was enjoying favour with the Maharajah of Jammu & Kashmir and his subjects after signing the Standstill Agreement - which India didn't do - so why did Pakistan begin obstructing essential supplies to J & K under that agreement? 

In other words. why enrage others and make enemies of those who favour you or don't bring you harm?

.....

This is a first hand account of what happened on the 13th of September when the Pakistani prime minister made his 3rd trip to AJK in 39 days since India bifurcated and downgraded its controlled part of Jammu & Kashmir on the 5th of August. 

21 year old Khwaja Mujtaba Bandey explains how he and a few others were raising slogans in favour of Kashmir's freedom in the crowd (and not the sort of freedom that would enslave us to Pakistan). They had garnered the attention of the crowd at K. H. Khursheed Stadium for over 20 minutes before the AJK police took action. 

Mujtaba then explains how he was arrested and subsequently tortured in custody, by those who were 'senior' to the local SHO (Station House officer). Again, this is a euphemism for Pakistan's clandestine agencies:



Here's the FIR (First Information Report):


Translated thus:



......

Random thoughts:


The aspiring citizens of AJK have to convert the wealth of the territory itself into the means of holding it.

....

Thursday, 30 May 2019

Daily Diary (DD) - Day 150 of 2019

2249hrs:

I don't normally predict the winners of sporting tournaments - at least not publicly - but on this occasion of the Cricket World Cup, I declared yesterday that England should finally be able to achieve this milestone. 

They have started off explosively enough today, by beating South Africa with more than a 100 runs and 10 overs to spare:

England 311 for 8 (Stokes 89, Morgan 57, Roy 54, Root 51, Ngidi 3-66) beat South Africa 207 (de Kock 68, van der Dussen 50, Archer 3-27) by 104 runs

Courtesy: cricinfo.com 

We have a few robust reasons for supporting England more than any other country in the 10 member competition.

Two of our citizens are represented for a start:

Moeen Ali and Adil Rashid.

....

We must not forget this brutal aspect of the conflict:


Any conflict resolution mechanism will have to address these injustices at the earliest.

....

Saturday, 25 May 2019

Daily Diary (DD) - Day 145 of 2019

2203hrs:

All change comes from within. 

Most people want it to come from elsewhere. 

They think if it comes from within, they will die.

......

There has yet to emerge a solid, thorough economic survey of AJK. However, many have made efforts according to their capacity. Let's have a closer look at the following effort:



I'll translate it here for those of you who cannot read or understand Urdu:




















Note:

It should also be borne in mind that once the academic version of our public opinion survey report is published, our research tools will then concentrate on that comprehensive economic survey report that has eluded our territory thus far.

.....

Wednesday, 22 May 2019

Daily Diary (DD) - Day 142 of 2019

2353hrs:

Forgetfulness can work both ways. Sometimes for the good and sometimes for the bad.

Digital storage is the game changer for many ideas and processes.

Increased choice has its restrictions though. Not least is time.

.....

Have good relations with other humans and nature will take care of the rest:


This is probably what saved my life too.

.....

I like the following idea and approach:

CONFLICT TRANSFORMATION: A SUSTAINABLE SOLUTION FOR INDO-PAK CONFLICT

Tuesday, 30 April 2019

Daily Diary (DD) - Day 120 of 2019

0057hrs:


.......

Now, I was just getting into reading the following article........

We are more afraid of change than we should be. 

Resisting change won’t make it disappear — It will make things worse. 

What we resist, persists. 

Resistance is a signal, not a natural behavior. 

We must listen to what it’s trying to tell us, instead…

......And then I was reminded that all information on the internet is not free.

.......

The 'Missing Persons' issue and the Pakistani State's position:




There is much that can be said of what the Pakistani army's representative had to say. With reference to AJK, I'll just pose one question at this stage though:

What war are the citizens of AJK engaged in against the State of Pakistan; that they have to be abducted from their homes and workplaces, whereby some are never seen or heard of again?

Monday, 25 March 2019

Daily Diary (DD) - Day 84 of 2019

1036hrs:

Engineer Rasheed MLA typically in the thick of the action - Source: Google
I don't agree with various aspects of this gentleman's politics but I consider him one of only two eligible politicians in the whole State of Jammu & Kashmir, to be described as a 21st century politician. His approach is very direct to the public and that's what is most attractive about him:

.....

I'm just finished reading a book written on AJK by a Pakistani writer. It would only be my duty to review it too:

.....

1729hrs:

I have received confirmation that both India and Pakistan have come to some preliminary agreement on opening Sharda to the Hindu community of J & K and quite possibly from elsewhere too.

The story was broken yesterday by a Kashmiri Pandit journalist in Delhi:

A whirlwind of attention has focussed on this issue, on both sides of the border between India and Pakistan, particularly today. It has kept me busy for most of the day too. I received further enquiries from various cities of what used to be an un-divided neighbourhood.

The following were quotes I gave on Sharda's re-opening for various Indo-Pak media that contacted me:

"It would be the most significant pro-life measure taken in this region since the end of the British Raj".

"It's positive implications for religious harmony, civilisational diversity, knowledge and wisdom accumulation will be felt globally".

"It could even become the pre-eminent symbol of 'soft power' in the world".

"Forgive the superlative laden description of Sharda but I feel it is warranted".

Here are some essential embeds which can trace the pursuit of Sharda by civil society across the divide in Jammu & Kashmir, in a chronological manner. These aren't the sum of the efforts of course, just an outline of some significant steps along the journey:

The pivotal role driving this whole process forward has been that of Save Sharda Committee Regd. and in particular, the untiring consistency of Shree Ravinder Pandita. Amongst other contributions we cannot forget, is Vinod Pandita's 15 day hunger strike in 2014.

02 July 2007

An academic from Indian-administered Kashmir visits Sharda:



......

25 Dec 2010

Building a bridge of peace and reconciliation:

.....

23 Mar 2011

Human rights and religion in Kashmir

.....

05 Sep 2012

Sharda Peeth - Hindu Heritage of Kashmir in Sharda - AJK:



.....

05 Sept 2012

Remains of Dogra Fort - Sharda AJK:



.....

01 Sep 2013

In Search of Sharda's Famed Mandir in AJK:



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01 Sep 2013

Exploring the Hindu Heritage of Ganesh Ghatti - Sharda - AJK:



.....

18 Mar 2017

Pakistani High Commissioner to India Abdul Basit answering question on Sharda:



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04 Sep 2017

A Message for the Kashmiri Pandit Community from Sunna ni Kassi - Sehrmandi - AJK:



.....

16 September 2017

A well balanced programme on efforts to re-open Sharda:



....

25 April 2018

Discussing Sharda at Muzaffarabad District Bar Association:

.....

22 Nov 2018

JKTV programme on Sharda, in wake of (news of) Kartaarpur Opening:

.....

01 Dec 2018

Pakistan's prime minister questioned by Indian journalist on Sharda:

.....

01 Dec 2018

After Kartarpur Corridor, A Clamour For Opening Route To Sharada Peeth Grows:



.....

05 Dec 2018

A well presented and concise article on Sharda:

.....

06 Dec 2018

Press conference in Jammu by Save Sharda Committee:



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08 Dec 2018

Speech at Sehnsa and an introduction to Sharda:

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09 Dec 2018

A diverse discussion on the issue of Sharda's re-opening for pilgrimage:



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10 Dec 2018

A must watch conversation on Sharda exploration:



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16 Dec 2018

Footage at Sharda:

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16 Dec 2018

Laying of flowers at Sharda Peeth by Civil Society:



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19 Dec 2018

Sharda in news.....Kashmir Times , oldest english newspaper of J & K state:



.....

22 Dec 2018

Excerpts from CNN News18 programme on Sharda issue:



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22 Dec 2018

Talking to AJK Media in Muzaffarabad about Sharda:

.....

24 Dec 2018

Letter from Indian government to Save Sharda Committee:

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25 Dec 2018

Civil Society Stance on Sharda in Muzaffarabad:



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29 Dec 2018

This short documentary has been prepared for Kumbh at Prayagraj (Allahabad in U.P) on Sharda Peeth exploration:



.....

29 Jan 2019

AJK prime minister visits old mandir in Muzaffarabad and orders repairs:



It should be pointed out that this is probably the first time in 72 years that a serving head of government in AJK (titled PM since 1975) has visited a non-Muslim place of worship.
.....

Now! We can fast forward to today and here's a prime time Indian TV programme on Sharda. I was able to participate for the last 20 minutes:



.....

There were also a few news items emanating from both sides of the international border. Here are some examples:

Pakistani foreign ministry submits proposal to PM Imran Khan to open Sharda temple for Indians






I'll finish off this exhausting entry with this upbeat fb post today by Ravinder Jee:


.....

Thursday, 14 March 2019

Daily Diary (DD) - Day 73 of 2019

1932hrs:

Protracted Conflict and Local Neutral Arbitration:



Just for the record, the following paragraphs were inexplicably omitted from the end of the article cited above:

After....
Some aspects need dedicated attention in their own right. 

"
I'll just list a few for future engagement:

1) Water Resource Management
2) Security vis a vis China
3) The 360 degree geography of J & K, old silk routes and connectivity in Asia

I’ll finish with an attempt to deal with an oft-cited apprehension that the Indian government would not be keen to allow His Excellency Dr. Karan Singh to visit AJK. We feel that he is our most precious asset and reconciliation without him would be very difficult, not least because he’s an erudite thinker and a living witness to everything that has transpired since the end of the Dogra Raj. 


In my communication with him in 2008, he suggested a few measures to me. I am also privy to a few discussions he had with some of our key historical figures in AJK. I have completed those measures and would be eager to invite him here.
"

Actual end of article......
......

Let's return to the Kashmir Valley for a moment. This short video clip tells a thousand stories:


.....

Returning to AJK but remaining adjacent to the Koshur Valley:


Translation of tweet:

The public of the Neelam Valley are losing their patience over the internet blockade in their region. Protests have begun....

Tuesday, 12 February 2019

Daily Diary (DD) - Day 43 of 2019

2000hrs:

Didn't go out at all today. Balancing public interest work - indoors and outdoors - is not easy. An overwhelming feeling of constantly wanting to catch up on what has happened elsewhere, is a time hazard in the social media age. It's also hell for data consolidation. You are consuming more data than you can analyse, let alone categorise and order - as appropriate - in your work files.

This also means that I write a lot less description, of how my actual day transpires on this daily blog.

Practice does make perfect though, or at least as close to perfect as possible.

Once again, I want to analyse another couple of tweets, not least because they reflect both sides of the occupation coin. Both are heads of course. A Jinnah and a Gandhi. 

Those who created the problem (Britain) and those who need to solve it (citizens of the State of Jammu & Kashmir) are nowhere on the menu of conflict resolution:

1)

Translated thus:

A red salute to all martyrs of the State of Jammu Kashmir. Banned Pakistani terrorist parties have conducted trade in human blood and dignity in the name of religion. Allah - All Glory belongs to Him, He is the Most Exalted and The Most High - will certainly question these traders and running foot men. Despite 70 years of countless sacrifices, the State's public are not even a part of their own issue.

2)


Translated thus:

One after the other educated youngster of the Kashmir Valley is heading in the direction of militancy and is the target of Indian army bullets on a daily basis. Is the young educated class being killed on purpose? In this current genocide and proxy war, why in particular is the educated youth of Kashmir a target?

End...

As one can easily assess, both India and Pakistan are part of the problem. Hence, partisanship towards one or the other - may have merited arguments from a personal economic, security and perhaps even a cultural point of view - but when analysed with the purpose of conflict resolution in mind, it can prolong the conflict rather than help resolve it.

Thus, our argument to Pakistan (before India for a variety of reasons but one should suffice here: it should be easier to gain concessions on civil space from a perceived sympathiser than from a larger power seemingly unwilling to negotiate) is to not aggravate the issue by posing as sole spokesperson in the global community. This among other tactics makes you as guilty as India for the killing of innocent people. If you really believe there is no military solution to the conflict and if peace entails talking then why do you insist on the State of Jammu & Kashmir's citizens allowing you to talk on their behalf? The affectee can always accurately reflect their problem better than an assumed advocate with vested interests.

Finally (for now), if you present yourself as keen to talk then why are your terms not reflected in flexibility of position? Does it mean you are keen to talk as long as everyone else adheres to your terms? As you are well aware that is never going to happen, in which case there is no harm in pretending you want a solution if no one is going to compel you to fulfill your part of the bargain.

Meanwhile, the conflict continues and your use of the term "disputed territory" maintains your assumed relevancy. If this calculated ambiguity ends, we will embark on the road to a solution.       

This is not a disputed territory and neither is it 'waiting' for the implementation of UN resolutions. These are tactical tropes used by Pakistan to control AJK, GB and the emotions of many citizens of the Kashmir Valley.

If Pakistan continues to pretend it is merely advocating Kashmiri aspirations and not heed the increasing calls to disengage by the latter, it ultimately has much more to lose in this relatively transparent digital age. 

Neither action nor intention can remain concealed now.     

Friday, 2 November 2018

Daily Diary (DD) - Day 306 of 2018

0122hrs:

Controlling the Public Narrative in AJK:

Exhibit 1: Role of the United Kingdom

What is written and photographed in the facebook embed below is all 'fine and dandy' but how do we access this "detailed" and "full fact finding" report?

All I see is photos, no substance. Perhaps some democratic being in the UK can pursue that? Any UK MP that comes here to AJK (or even Pakistan) is chaperoned and kept under very close surveillance. Their movement is controlled and who they meet is manipulated to favour Pakistan's control. Please ensure these MPs of the UK have meaningful engagement with AJK...

(Update): 04/11/18 - 0440hrs:
I found the report yesterday evening and consider it to be thorough about Indian-controlled Kashmir but almost non committal on AJK and GB. Yes, it does have a proviso on these areas and urges the Pakistanis to do some inward soul-searching (these are my words) but it isn't specific or detailed enough. A lacuna persists as does my perception given the crowd surrounding Chris Leslie MP.

End of update....


Compare the above with the - still developing - news below:

Exhibit 2: Role of Pakistan

I'll translate the post from Urdu to English for the benefit of most of my readers:

"When a State or nation is to be enslaved, preliminary steps include depriving the concerned inhabitants of their history followed by erasure of that State's geography.

A group of friends belonging to the Jammu Kashmir National Students Federation (JKNSF) had set up a book stall at a local festival in Abbaspur (district Poonch) a few days ago, where the enemies of the State (read Pakistani clandestine agencies) and their local lackeys forcefully broke up the stall this evening (Thursday 01/11/2018), before banning the student activists from displaying these books in public.

The public and youth of Kashmir (referring to AJK as well as the rest of the State of J & K as a whole) should understand the oppression meted out to this State. Furthermore, those that we consider our own (read the Pakistani State) are in fact the enemies of our quest for freedom. This is a point of concern and provocation to act against injustice.

JKNSF will vehemently raise its voice. The occupiers should understand that these crazy youngsters will no longer tolerate slavery and that they (agents of the Pakistani State) can no longer suppress our voice." 

Aqdus Irfan



This is yet another way of 'controlling' the public narrative in AJK. From the UK parliament to the streets of AJK. Notice how the language of Mr. Irfan seems at first sight very reactionary. However, it should be remembered that it is a response to decades of suppression. There are hundreds if not thousands of examples of such behaviour by our Western neighbours - who happen to profess the same faith as us - and who created a country premised on an argument that they would be marginalised by the Hindu majority in a united India. Pakistan is perpetrating the very crimes it advocated against.

Exhibit 3: Role of India

Here's an even more eye-opening aspect of this conflict some call the 'Kashmir Dispute', which marginalises AJK and its aspiring citizens in almost every conceivable sense. The AJK diaspora is not immune from this and the role of India - despite its democratic credentials - is just as shrewd as the Pakistanis in suppressing peaceful democratic engagement between AJK and the Dogra heartland in Jammu.



Now, as this post is in Urdu too, let me summarise the issue:

The gentleman in question - Sajjad Raja - has as his introduction on his facebook page the following words: "Long Live Struggle for Reconciliation among Gilgit Baltistan, Azad Kashmir, Jammu, Ladakh & Kashmir."

This should describe his innocent intent. However, it has become clear over the years that India and Pakistan will go to any length to prevent any meaningful engagement between these divided parts of the erstwhile Dogra State of Jammu & Kashmir. In this respect, both countries work in tandem as opposed to against each other, which is the most common perception about the 2 countries vis a vis the territory of Jammu & Kashmir.


Hence, the need to highlight this particular development:



Sajjad Raja's visa issue:

Security clearance could not be obtained for members of Jammu Kashmir National Awami Party (JKNAP) - UK for their party's convention in Jammu on the 11th of November.

7 members from the UK (all originating from AJK) and 1 member of the party from AJK were due to attend this convention. 3 of the 7 from the UK were issued with electronic visas (e-visa) by the Indian High Commission in London. The other 4 were deferred to the regular visa process and their decisions were pending. Ultimately, no response was given in this regard.

In the meantime, the party member from AJK was refused a visa by the Indian High Commission in Islamabad, Pakistan.

It was decided between party members that the 3 who had managed to obtain visas should proceed to travel to India and onwards to Jammu. Tickets were purchased and all other arrangements to prepare for travel were made. Likewise, arrangements for their stay in Jammu were also completed by the local hosts of the convention.

However, on the 11th of October Sajjad Raja received a call from the Indian High Commission in London to inform him that the 3 visas had been cancelled. He was also informed that they wouldn't be able to even board the flight from Manchester via Muscat (Oman) to Delhi. If they (the travellers) managed to get through that stage, they wouldn't be able to board the onward flight from Oman to Delhi and if they managed to get through that hurdle, on arrival at Delhi they would be forcibly put back on the same plane on its return to Oman. Further, that they would be black-listed from ever entering India in the future.

These political workers had been preparing for this trip to Jammu for the past 4 months, only to be denied barely days before their journey. Upon enquiry to highly influential people in Jammu, it transpired that this decision had been made at a very senior level of the Indian State structure.

So even if you are peaceful, democratic and secular there is little - if any - scope for the divided citizens of Jammu & Kashmir to seek reconciliation and mutual understanding across the LOC. The message is that you will be thwarted, if not by Pakistan then by India. Both are an alibi and guarantor of the other's presence here.

Experiences such as these usually make the determined even more determined. If the struggle for justice is consistent, humanity always triumphs at the end.....








Thursday, 13 July 2017

'Citizen Public Opinion Survey - AJK' - The Report (1.0)





Below is the initial drawing board of the above


This researcher's two youngest children balancing and 'ok'ing the 10,000 completed survey forms last October

These are the very 10,000 survey forms used to collect a rich, random, representative and diverse range of public opinion throughout the 32 subdivisions of AJK. The field work took 5 years and 2 months overall but a dedicated 2 years in aggregate. It has subsequently taken almost 9 months to sift through masses of data collected during field work. We are now ready to publish the result in phases...

1st phase: 13th of July 2017 - (1.0)


- An initial quantitative summary of results generated (without analysis)
- Broad statistics of categories (of people) sampled
- This content equals ........

2nd phase: 13th of August 2017 onwards - (2.0)

- The period between Report 2.0 and 3.0 (below) will coincide with 32 public forums in each of the 32 subdivisions (tehsils) of AJK. This structure will also coincide with incremental publishing of Report 2.0 as its content develops with each forum. 
- Methodology used, comparison (with other surveys), analysis, observations and 
qualification of the unconventional manner in which this report was produced, will gradually be included in the report over this period.
- The reasoning behind dissemination of information in such a manner is primarily to take into account the capacity of our public to digest and act upon the information given. In our judgement, if a 500 page book were to be published in one static sweep, there would be less than a hundred people in this territory willing to read it in full. Therefore, information should flow incrementally to prepare our people sufficiently enough - in doses - to participate in a consensus-building exercise with a view to creating an indigenous political process.
- Thus, the public opinion survey in AJK has been a building-block towards creating OBMs (Ownership-Building Measures) in Jammu & Kashmir or (J & K) for short.
- Please visit the following link for further elaboration of this concept: 

From CBMs to OBMs

3rd phase: October 2018 - (3.0)

- A 500 page book which will comprehensively cover various aspects of public interest in Azad Jammu & Kashmir (AJK). It will draw heavily on field data generated between 2014 and 2017 in particular. 

It should also be remembered that any activity related to assisting unfettered self-determination of the citizens of AJK comes with a heavy price. The right to freedom of expression and movement are certainly not a given in this territory. Using one's initiative to create avenues for peaceful and participatory conflict resolution demanded a lot more in energy, determination and resources than one could have initially imagined.

Without delving into thick detail at this stage, we think the following snapshot will give readers an indication of our argument: 

This researcher had to endure:
- 2 kidnappings by Pakistan's army/clandestine agencies. 
- 1 arrest and framing of dubious charges by local law enforcement, at the behest of the institution/s responsible for the kidnappings cited above.
- A total of 31 days in detention.
- Countless other hurdles which will be elaborated on in due course

Finally, given the specific conditions in which this territory functions, giving our people as well as the rest of world time 'to chew' over the statistics presented below will - amongst other practical considerations - in time provide a sound basis for fruitful debate on the future status of J & K, one feels.

Quantitative Summary of Report:

- 10,000 citizens (who reside in AJK or are otherwise affiliated with it and who qualify under the State Subject Rule of 1927) were asked 10 questions. These were divided into 4 parts. Namely:
1) 3 questions on the enduring 'national question' of J & K
2) 2 questions on governance
3) 3 questions on the economy
4) 2 questions on social policy

- Each question offered choices/options for the interviewee but they were not limited to those choices. This interviewer tried to be as flexible and as open-ended as was practically possible without compromising structure, to derive maximum research output.
  - Each citizen (bar 15 - 20 samples) was randomly sampled by visiting each of the 32 subdivisions (tehsils) of AJK and their respective quantity was determined according to population data extrapolated from the AJK Government's Planning & Development Department's booklet of 2013.

Questions and Results:

Q1: Do you believe in the integrity of the State of Jammu and Kashmir (84,471 sq. m) as it stood up to October 1947?

Options                        
Results
Rounded off to nearest whole number
Yes (Y)                    
9,710                      
97%
No (N)                      
214
2%
Don't know (DK)        
75
1%


   
           
Other answer:


No Response (NR)
1

Q2: If you had one choice, which of the following identities would you attach yourself to?



Options                        
Results
Rounded off to nearest whole number
Indian (I)                  
10
0%
Kashmiri (K)              
7,286                    
73%
Pakistani (P)            
2,698                      
27%




  
Other answers:


No response (NR)
2
Self-Determination (SD)
2
Abstained (A)
1
Kashmiri & Pakistani (KP)
1

Q3: To resolve our 'national question', which one of the following countries' support should we seek?


Options
Results
Rounded off to nearest whole number
Britain (B)
878
9%
China (C)
3,887
39%
Saudi Arabia (KSA)
2,092
21%
Turkey (T)
360
4%
UAE
269
3%
USA
1,763
18%




Other answers:

None of them (NOT)
594
6%
United Nations (UN)
64
1%
Don’t Know (DK)
25
0%
Ourselves (O)
19
0%
Pakistan (P)
15
0%
India-Pakistan (IP)
9
0%
Indo-Pak-China (IPC)
5
0%
Organisation of Islamic Countries (OIC)
4
0%
Pakistan and Everyone (PE)
4
0%
All of them (AOT)
2
0%
All Muslim Countries (AMC)
1
0%
Everyone Plus (EP)
1
0%
If India agrees
1
0%
Indo-Pak-UN (IP/UN)
1
0%
Just Ourselves (JO)
1
0%
Kashmir-Indo-Pak (KIP)
1
0%
OIC and Ourselves
1
0%
OIC and UN
1
0%
Not sure
1
0%
Not these
1
0%


Q4: How do you rate our current constitutional and administrative structure?

Options  
Results
Rounded off to nearest whole number
Good (G)
806
8%
Bad (B)
3,309
33%
Weak (W)
4,704
47%




Other answers:

Very Bad (VB)
408
4%
Very Weak (VW)
348
3%
Bad – 0 (B0)
299
3%
Total other responses (TOR) listed below
126
1%
Bad and very corrupt (BVC)
44
0%
Very Good (VG)
10
0%
Very Bad – 0 (VB0)
10
0%
Bad and Corrupt (BC)
8
0%
Bad, Very Bad (BVB)
6
0%
Very, Very Bad
6
0%
Bad x 3 and corrupt (B3C)
4
0%
Bad with expletive (BF)
3
0%
Bad and Lost (BL)
3
0%
Bad and Totally Corrupt (BTC)
3
0%
Weak – 0 (W0)
3
0%
Bad x 10 (B-10)
2
0%
Bad and disastrous (BD)
2
0%
Bad like hell (BH)
2
0%
Bad – 0 and corrupt (B0 C)
2
0%
Bad and unfit (BU)
2
0%
Very Bad x 3 (BVVV)
2
0%
No response (NR)
2
0%
Very Weak – 0 (VW0)
2
0%
Weak and medium (WM)
2
0%
Bad x 2 (B2)
2
0%
Bad x 3 (B3)
1
0%
BBADNAAM – Bad and disgraceful
1
0%
Mostly Bad and a little Good (BBG)
1
0%
Bad and reckless (BR)
1
0%
Bad and totally f...ed (BTFU)
1
0%
Bad and Weak (BW)
1
0%

Q5: Is it important to have a citizen-state contract?


Options  
Results
Rounded off to nearest whole number
Yes (Y)
9,781
98%
No (N)
95
1%
Don’t know (DK)
124
1%





Q6: What are the essential elements of a viable economic policy?
(In order of importance - grade from 1 to 3)


Options                    
1) Our own currency (public treasury/fiscal policy)
2) Research and ownership of resources 
3) Opening of trade routes throughout the divided State and beyond


Combination
Results
Rounded off to nearest whole number
312
1,987
20%
N12
1,748
17%
321
1,684
17%
123
1,140
11%
213
945
9%
N21
934
9%
132
816
8%
231
702
7%



Explanation of this particular question/answer format:

- The highest result i.e 312 chosen by 1,987 people means that the interviewees chose number 3 first (routes) followed by number 1 (treasury) as second choice and number 2 (research) as third choice.
- The second highest result i.e. N12 chosen by 1,748 people means that N is non-applicable and presumes that an Indian or Pakistani identity favouring interviewee would want their economy to be administered/controlled by the federation whose identity they prefer. Thus, their first choice would actually be number 2 (research) and second choice number 3 (routes).                                   
- The result N21 chosen by 934 people likewise considered number 3 (routes) as their first choice and number 2 (research) as their second choice. In other words, 2 followed by 1 is actually 3 preferred to 2.

Other answers:


Response
Results
2
14
No response (NR)
12
3
6
1
5
All needed (AN)
2
Confused question
1
Don’t know (DK)
1
Not applicable (NA)
1
No comment (NC)
1
Waste of time
1

Further Note: 
- The answers 2, 3 and 1 indicate that these particular interviewees did not answer the question fully or did not understand it. 

Q7: What should be the public/private ratio of our economy?


Options  
Results
Rounded off to nearest whole number
50/50
4,616
47%
60/40
1,507
15%
70/30
3,810
38%




Other answers:

Response
Results
80/20
22
100% (Public Sector)
17
No Response (NR)
7
Don’t know (DK)
6
30/70 (in favour of Private Sector)
5
90/10
5
40/60 (in favour of Private Sector)
1
20/80 (in favour of Private Sector)
1
Can’t fix
1
No comment (NC)
1
Un-necessary question
1

Q8: Should our natural resources be open to private companies (privatisation) ?


Options  
Results
Rounded off to nearest whole number
Yes (Y)
6,782
68%
No (N)
3,021
30%
Don’t know (DK)
196
2%



Other answer:

Un-necessary question
1

Q9: Can Muslims co-exist with Non-Muslims?


Options  
Results
Rounded off to nearest whole number
Yes (Y)
7,122
71%
No (N)
2,775
28%
Don’t know (DK)
103
1%







Q10: Should there be equal rights and (responsibilities) amongst citizens irrespective of cast, creed, colour, ideology or religion?


Options  
Results
Rounded off to nearest whole number
Yes (Y)
9,858
99%
No (N)
95
1%
Don’t know (DK)
47
0%



Survey Report 1.0 thus far:

Having provided a summary of total stats for the 10 questions put to 10,000 citizens of AJK, collected from throughout the territory and before segmenting the stats into 3 administrative divisions, then 10 districts followed by 32 tehsils (subdivisions); One feels it is important to provide stats on various categories of those interviewed to provide insight into their representative character or otherwise.

It is also important to mention that among the various (possibly) unique methods adopted to conduct this survey, was the manner in which it was financed. Namely that it was crowd-funded (by AJK citizens) and involved a proposition to each interviewee to voluntarily contribute to the expenses involved in conducting this survey. The stats for citizen responses to this somewhat 'peculiar' approach should also provide many insights, which will be further explored gradually through 'Report 2.0'.

We should also take this opportunity to provide a link below to the PDF of the survey form used, followed by some notes in relation to its structure and use.

Survey Form

This form has undergone various but very minor changes since it was first used in July 2011. Most of those changes are related to design but none of the questions have been altered from their basic inference. 

It should also be noted that over 85% of interviewees were (as unassumingly as possible - to avoid bias) asked these 10 questions face to face and in a local language (Pahari or Urdu) - without actually showing the interviewee the form - unless they specifically requested to see it. The form always remained in English and was never translated into any other language whatsoever. The form's main utility was to help us organise data meaningfully rather than anything else. 

Having said that, from amongst students that were interviewed (1,995 in total of 10,000 c. 20%), most of them were interviewed in their classrooms - whereby the form was handed out to them and each question explained in a local language, with the forms being returned after roughly 10-15 minutes, all in the interviewer's presence. Apart from that, 6 interviewees submitted their opinion online while 2 interviewees took the form and returned it after a few days.  

Gender Ratio (of interviewees throughout AJK):


Gender 
Interviewed
Rounded off to nearest whole number
Females
1,041
10%
Males
8,959
90%






- Ideally, having a 50-50 gender ratio would have roughly reflected the population of AJK. However, practically this would have been impossible for a variety of factors. Not least, because it is relatively a conservative society compared to Western Europe. There are not many women visible in public life (unlike men) and randomly sampling them could have created problems (of perception) for the researcher, despite his best intentions.
- Taking into account the above factors, obtaining a 5% ratio of women sampled was the initial target of the researcher. Women were interviewed at courts, hospitals, social welfare organisations, banks and educational institutions. The ultimate ratio achieved was indeed over 10%, which is more than the ratio of women active in public life here. 

Age Stats:

- The process of inputting the age of interviewees was introduced around midway through the survey. As will be discussed in more detail in 'Report 2.0' the whole exercise from 2011 to 2017 of collecting data was an improvised and constantly evolving one. Some aspects of data collection were discarded at stages when they were deemed unnecessary while other aspects whose importance grew during the exercise were included. Hence, the collection of age data from only the last 48.3% of those interviewed. However, the methodology and approach used to conduct the survey remained the same as from the outset, thus it could be argued that the age composition may not have been significantly different if 100% of the interviewees' age(s) were noted.
- Age given by 4,830 of 10,000 interviewees i.e. 48.3% 
- Mean average age of all interviewees asked = 33.7

Age Group
Interviewed
Rounded off to nearest whole number
16-30
2,612
54%
31-45
1,176
24%
46-60
770
16%
61 plus
272
6%

- A small quantity of students interviewed in classrooms were under 16 (c.20) but apart from them all other interviewees (students or otherwise) were above 16 while the oldest was considered to be a 100 years old!
- Thus, age not given/taken = 5,170 = 51.7%



Finance Stats:

- When one wants to contribute to resolving a public issue in any given territory, they have to utilise the natural environment surrounding them, as well as the human capital residing within or emigrated from the territory in question. This lengthy public opinion survey was financed primarily by the citizens who were interviewed and included occasional injections of support from other citizens within the territory of AJK or its diaspora. 
- The figures given here are specifically percentages derived from those that were actually interviewed. It should also be remembered that although the minimum financial support requested was 10 Pakistani rupees, almost everyone interviewed was a mutual stranger and they had to judge whether or not to finance the survey almost spontaneously, based on the short briefing we would give them at the end of the survey. Also, given that this exchange of information and finance was purely voluntary, the percentages derived should be interpreted with all the aforementioned factors in mind.
- Initially, the finance aspect was not part of the survey but it gradually drew on this researcher that; conducting this lengthy public opinion survey throughout the 32 sub-divisions of AJK could not possibly be done by receiving assistance from their family alone. 
- Thus, as the concept of exercising self-determination evolved in the researcher's mind, it was only logical that we engaged our co-citizens in assisting us with a share of their input into this much-needed public process.
- Initially, 993 of 10,000 interviewees were not asked for a financial contribution i.e 9.9% 


Responses  
Results
Rounded off to nearest whole number
Contribution in kind
289
3%
Didn’t contribute
3,169
35%
Financial contributions
5,581
62%

- Percentages don't account for those that were not asked for a financial contribution - mainly in the earliest stages of the survey - hence the percentages are derived from the 3 categories of responses listed.
- Contributions in kind included: food, accommodation, kahwa, diesel, engine oil, photocopies etc.
- Total aggregate cash received from survey interviewees throughout AJK = 2,77,065 Pakistani rupees.
- The total amount spent on conducting the survey from beginning of field work in 2011 to publishing of report 1.0 on the 13th of July 2017 will be gradually made available (via annual income/expenditure data) as report 2.0 takes shape over the course of the next 14 months. Thus, by October 2018 a detailed 500 page book titled as 'Citizen Public Opinion Survey Report - AJK 3.0' will emerge.  
- Mean average financial contributions received from each interviewee = 49.6 Pakistani rupees.
- In total, about 65% of survey interviewees in AJK contributed in some shape or form.


Stats by Occupation:


Description
Interviewees
Rounded off to nearest whole number
Advocates/Lawyers
241
2%
Agriculturists/Farmers
378
4%
Army/Agencies
249
2%
Artisans
65
1%
Auto/Skilled
113
1%
Banking
304
3%
Building/Construction
239
2%
Business/Retail
2,465
25%
Drivers
301
3%
Property/Landlords
14
0%
Finance/Legal
60
1%
Government Servants
1,236
12%
Hotel/Food
138
1%
Journalists
113
1%
Labourers
371
4%
Mainstream Politicians
51
1%
Management/Admin
80
1%
Medical/Health
103
1%
Mobile/Software
50
1%
Personnel
285
3%
Private Educators
328
3%
Private/Unspecified
31
0%
Sales/Marketing
404
4%
Social/Political
97
1%
Students
1,995
20%
Transport Related
54
1%
Unemployed
235
2%

- As can be seen above, there were 27 broad categories interviewed which covered perhaps every occupation that exists in AJK. During the course of 'Report 2.0' each category (where applicable) will be broken down into sub-categories. At this stage we'll just brief you on those categories that may need immediate explanation:
- Property/Land refers to very large landowners or those who have an abnormally high number of commercial properties. The figure given viz. '14' may quite possibly be lower than the actual amount of interviewees deserving this category. Like most opinion survey interaction, this exercise also required an element of mutual faith and judgement.  
- Government Servants included all grades (from 1 to 22) and covered all departments operating within AJK.
- Mainstream politicians included (past and present) members of the legislative assembly (MLAs) of AJK and local members of the Kashmir Council, which practically functions as an 'Upper House'.
- Finally, the meaning of the word 'Personnel' has been tweaked here to include hairdressers, tailors and jewellers etc.



Of the 27 broad categories of occupation, only 10 of the categories have been described in the pie-chart above. Those categories that constituted 2% or less of the whole survey sample have been lumped together into one category (described as 17 other categories and totaling 19%) and are effectively the 11th piece of the pie, signified by the colour orange and could be described in clock format as between about 1030hrs and midday on the pie-chart.

Area Stats:

- As intimated earlier, the 10,000 survey sample was proportionately distributed quota wise, according to the estimated population of each tehsil (subdivision), extrapolated from data cited in AJK's Planning & Development Department's booklet namely, "Azad Jammu & Kashmir - at a glance 2013".
- Without delving into a detailed description of AJK's legal and constitutional status at this stage, it should be suffice to understand that this territory (5,134 square miles) constitutes roughly 6% of the whole territory of J & K (c. 85,000) which was ruled by the Dogra dynasty of Jammu in gradual phases of conquest or conciliation since 1820. It remained under formal British suzerainty from 1846 to August 1947.
- The status, identity, governance, economy and society of AJK have remained in legal limbo since the abrupt British colonial withdrawal in 1947. One of the multi-faceted aims of this survey has been to prepare our citizens to address this limbo in a creative but consensual manner.
- This initiative so described should give an indication that the legislature, judiciary and executive operating in AJK is ill-equipped to take the steps taken by this researcher, in conjunction with his co-citizens. 


A reasonably detailed map of AJK and its location in relation to its neighbourhood 


Division-wise



Division  
Interviewees
Rounded off to nearest whole number
Mirpur
4,055
41%
Muzaffarabad
2,652
27%
Poonch
3,293
33%



District-wise


District  
Interviewees
Rounded off to nearest whole number
Bagh
903
9%
Bhimber
1,088
11%
Hattian Bala
595
6%
Haveli
358
4%
Kotli
1,945
19%
Mirpur
1,022
10%
Muzaffarabad
1,598
16%
Neelam
459
5%
Poonch
1,302
13%
Sudhnoti
730
7%



Subdivision-wise

Sub-division (Tehsil)  
Interviewees
Rounded off to nearest whole number
Abbaspur
185
2%
Athmaqam
285
3%
Bagh
350
4%
Baloch
237
2%
Barnaala
323
3%
Bhimber
419
4%
Charoi
162
2%
Chikaar
96
1%
Dadyaal
313
3%
Darlya Jattan
139
1%
Dheerkot
394
4%
Hajeera
472
5%
Harigel
159
2%
Hattian Bala
376
4%
Haveli
183
2%
Khuiratta
253
3%
Khursheedabad
65
1%
Kotli
732
7%
Leepa
123
1%
Mirpur
709
7%
Mong
81
1%
Mumtazabad
110
1%
Muzaffarabad
1,108
11%
Nikyaal
160
2%
Palandri
278
3%
Pateeka
490
5%
Rawalakot
555
6%
Samaahni
346
3%
Sehnsa
499
5%
Sharda
174
2%
Thorar
90
1%
Trarkhel
134
1%


Mirpur Division (11 sub-divisions)


Muzaffarabad (7 sub-divisions)


Poonch (14 sub-divisions)


This brings us to the end of 'Citizen Public Opinion Survey - AJK' The Report (1.0)

Please follow our journey throughout the 32 sub-divisions of AJK, by following (Report 2.0) as it progresses until completion in October 2018 with (Report 3.0).

Contact:

Tanveer Ahmed


An independent researcher on AJK - uninterrupted since April 2005

Contact (Mobile/Whatsapp): 00923455044252
Blog: sahaafi.net
Twitter: @sahaafi
Facebook.com/sahaafi
Skype: sahaafi







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